Iindaba

Njengoko iingxoxo malunga nolawulo lwezibhamu kunye namalungelo ezibhamu ziqhubeka zisasazeka kwihlabathi liphela, amazwe ajongana nobunzima bokulawulwa kwezibhamu ngeendlela ezibonisa iinkcubeko zawo ezizodwa, iimbali, kunye nezinto eziza kuqala kukhuseleko loluntu. I-China igcina eminye yemithetho engqongqo yezibhamu kwihlabathi liphela, kodwa amazwe afana ne-United States, iKhanada, iSwitzerland, kunye ne-Australia ajongana namalungelo olawulo lwezibhamu kunye nobunini ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kakhulu. Kubanini bezibhamu abanoxanduva kunye nabathandi bazo, into enye eqhubekayo ihlala ibalulekile kwihlabathi liphela: imfuneko yezisombululo zokugcina ezikhuselekileyo nezisemgangathweni ophezulu, njengeekheyisi zezibhamu ze-aluminium, ukuqinisekisa ukuba izibhamu zithuthwa kwaye zigcinwa ngokukhuselekileyo.

Okulandelayo

Imigaqo-nkqubo yoLawulo lweMipu kunye namaxabiso obunini beMipu

Ingxoxo ephathelele imigaqo-nkqubo yokulawula izibhamu idla ngokujolisa kumlinganiselo ophakathi kwamalungelo omntu kunye nokhuseleko loluntu, ingakumbi kumazwe apho ukuphatha izibhamu kusemthethweni phantsi kwemithetho ethile. Nantsi ingqwalasela yamalungelo ezibhamu, ukuba semthethweni kokuphatha izibhamu, kunye namazinga okuba nezibhamu kwamanye amazwe anemigaqo-nkqubo eyahlukileyo:

Amazwe Amanyene

I-United States yenye yezona nqanaba ziphezulu zokuba nezibhamu zabantu abaqhelekileyo kwihlabathi liphela, malunga nezibhamu ezili-120.5 kubantu abali-100. Uhlengahlengiso lwesibini lukhusela ilungelo lokuphatha izixhobo, kwaye nangona ilizwe ngalinye linemithetho yalo, amazwe amaninzi avumela ukuphathwa kwezibhamu ngokuvulekileyo nangokufihlakeleyo kunye nemvume. Le nkululeko ibangele iingxoxo eziqhubekayo malunga nokuhlolwa kwemvelaphi, amaxesha okulinda, kunye nemiqathango kwizixhobo zokuhlasela.

Khanada

IKhanada ithatha indlela engqongqo ngakumbi yokulawula izibhamu. Bonke abanini bezibhamu kufuneka bafumane iilayisenisi, kwaye ezinye izixhobo zithintelwe kakhulu okanye zithintelwe ngokupheleleyo. Nangona ubunini bezibhamu busemthethweni, iKhanada inezibhamu ezimalunga nama-34.7 kubantu abali-100. Ukuphatha izibhamu akuvumelekanga ngokubanzi, ngaphandle kwezinye iinjongo zokuzingela nezemidlalo, kwaye ukuzikhusela akusona sizathu esamkelekileyo sokuba nobunini.

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Swizalend

ISwitzerland inesimo esahlukileyo ngenxa yenkonzo yayo yasemkhosini enyanzelekileyo, apho abemi abaninzi bagcina izibhamu emva kwenkonzo. Ukuba nezibhamu kusemthethweni ngemigaqo engqongqo, kwaye iSwitzerland inezinga lokuba nezibhamu elimalunga ne-27.6 yezibhamu kubantu abali-100. Umthetho waseSwitzerland uvumela ukuba izibhamu zigcinwe ekhaya, kodwa ukuphatha izibhamu esidlangalaleni akuvumelekanga ngaphandle kwelayisenisi ekhethekileyo.

Amazwe Amanyene

Khanada

Swizalend

Ostreliya

Amanyathelo angqongqo okulawula izibhamu e-Australia aqaliswa emva kokubulawa kwabantu ePort Arthur ngo-1996. Phantsi kweSivumelwano seSizwe seMipu, ubunini bemipu bulawulwa kakhulu, kunye nezinga eliqikelelweyo lemipu elimalunga ne-14.5 kubantu abali-100. Ukuphatha imipu kunqunyelwe kakhulu kwaye kudla ngokuvunyelwa kuphela ngeenjongo ezithile zobungcali. Imigaqo-nkqubo engqongqo yase-Australia iye yanciphisa ngempumelelo iziganeko ezinxulumene nemipu, igxininisa impembelelo enokubakho yokulawula imipu ngokungqongqo.

Finlend

IFinland inamazinga aphezulu okuba nezibhamu angama-32.4 kwi-100 labantu, ikakhulu ukuzingela nemidlalo. Iilayisenisi ziyafuneka, kwaye abantu abaqhelekileyo kufuneka baphumelele uvavanyo lwemvelaphi, kuquka novavanyo lwempilo, ukuze babe nezibhamu. Ukuphatha izibhamu ngokukhululekileyo akuvumelekanga, kodwa abanini-zilayisenisi banokuzithwala baye kwiindawo ezigunyazisiweyo ezifana neendawo zokudubula.

Sirayeli

Njengoko i-Israel inemipu emalunga ne-6.7 kubantu abali-100, inemithetho engqongqo yokuba ngubani onokuphatha imipu, kwaye iimvume zinikwa kuphela abo banezidingo ezithile zobungcali, njengabasebenzi bokhuseleko okanye abemi abakwiindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu. Nangona ukuba nemipu kuvunyelwe, ukugxila kwe-Israel kukhuseleko loluntu kuqinisekisa ukuba linani elilinganiselweyo labantu abaqhelekileyo abafanelekela ukuphatha imipu.

Ostreliya

Finlend

Sirayeli

Ukubaluleka Kokugcina Izibhamu Ngokukhuselekileyo

Nokuba ilizwe lithini na ngolawulo lwezibhamu, enye into edibanisa abanini bezibhamu abanoxanduva kwihlabathi liphela kukufuneka kwendawo yokugcina ekhuselekileyo nethembekileyo. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zigcinwa ngokukhuselekileyo kubalulekile ukuthintela ukufikelela okungagunyaziswanga, ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengozi, kunye nokukhusela ukuthembeka kwezixhobo. Umgangatho ophezuluiikheyisi zezibhamu ze-aluminiumzibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi kule nkalo:

1.Ukuqina Okuphuculweyo: Iibhokisi ze-aluminium zakhiwe ukuze zihlale ixesha elide, zinika igobolondo elomeleleyo elimelana nokutshayiswa kwaye likhusele imipu ngexesha lokuthuthwa nokugcinwa kwayo. Ngokungafaniyo neebhokisi zeplastiki okanye zelaphu, iibhokisi ze-aluminium ziqinile kakhulu kwaye zimelana nokuphathwa gadalala, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kubazingeli, amapolisa, kunye nabathandi bemipu.

2.Ukumelana neMozulu kunye nokuGqwala: Iibhokisi zezibhamu ze-aluminium zikhusela izibhamu kwiimeko zokusingqongileyo, ezinje ngokufuma kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo, obunokonakalisa iindawo zesinyithi kwaye bunciphise ubomi besixhobo. Kubanini bezibhamu kwiindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu okanye ukuguquguquka rhoqo kobushushu, iibhokisi ze-aluminium zibonelela ngomgangatho wokhuseleko olunceda ukugcina izibhamu zabo ngokuhamba kwexesha.

3.Iimpawu zoKhuseleko ezinokwenziwa ngokwezifiso: Iibhokisi ezininzi zemipu ye-aluminium zibonelela ngeendlela ezongezelelweyo zokutshixa, kubandakanya izitshixo ezidibeneyo okanye izikhonkwane eziqinisiweyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imipu ihlala ikhuselekile kwaye ingafikeleleki kubantu abangagunyaziswanga. Olu khuseleko lubalulekile kumakhaya anabantwana okanye xa kuthuthwa imipu kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke okanye zabucala.

4.Inkangeleko yobungcali: Kwabo basebenzisa izixhobo zomlilo njengenxalenye yomsebenzi wabo, njengamagosa omthetho okanye abasebenzi bokhuseleko, ityala lemipu ye-aluminium libonisa ubuchwephesha kunye noxanduva. Inkangeleko entle neyomeleleyo yetyala le-aluminium ibonisa ukubaluleka kokugcina nokukhusela izixhobo ezixabisekileyo.

Ityala leMpu elenziwe ngokwezifiso

Ukulinganisela Amalungelo kunye neeMfanelo

Njengoko amazwe kwihlabathi liphela eqhubeka nokuvavanya amalungelo abantu ngabanye ngenkxalabo ebanzi yokhuseleko loluntu, abanini bemipu ababeka phambili ukuphathwa nokugcinwa kwemipu ngononophelo badlala indima ebalulekileyo kule ngxoxo. Ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo, ngakumbi kwiimeko ezikhuselekileyo nezihlala ixesha elide, kubonisa ukuvuma iingozi ezinokubakho ezinxulumene nemipu. Iimeko zemipu ye-aluminium azisisisombululo esisebenzayo kuphela kodwa zikwasebenza njengengxelo yokuzibophelela kukhuseleko kunye nobunini obunoxanduva.

Ukuququmbela

Nokuba uhlala kwilizwe elinemithetho elula yokuba nezibhamu okanye ilizwe elinemithetho engqongqo, ukugcina izixhobo ngokukhuselekileyo yinto ephambili edlalwa ngabantu abaninzi edlula imida. Kubanini bezibhamu abafuna ukhuseleko oluthembekileyo noluhlala ixesha elide lwezibhamu zabo,iikheyisi zezibhamu ze-aluminiumzibonelela ngokhetho olusebenzayo, oluhlala ixesha elide, nolunobungcali. Azingaphezulu nje kwesikhongozeli; zizibophelelo kuxanduva, ukhuseleko, kunye nentlonipho yamalungelo kunye nemigaqo elawula ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zomlilo kwihlabathi liphela.

Ityala lethamsanqa

Bhala umyalezo wakho apha uze uwuthumele kuthi

Ixesha leposi: Okthobha-29-2024

Ulawulo Lwezibhamu Lwehlabathi kunye Namalungelo Ezibhamu: Kutheni Ukugcinwa Okukhuselekileyo Kubalulekile

Imigaqo-nkqubo yoLawulo lweMipu kunye namaxabiso obunini beMipu

Amazwe Amanyene

Khanada

Swizalend

Ostreliya

Finlend

Sirayeli

Ukubaluleka Kokugcina Izibhamu Ngokukhuselekileyo

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